Abstract
Rhombohedral nickel carbide (Ni3Cx, x=0.7, 1.2 and 1.5) nanoparticles (∼ 110 nm) with enhanced magnetic coercivity (HC up to 1.3 kOe) at temperature below the spin-glass freezing (Tf) have been demonstrated. The presence of spin-glass state, which is seen at ∼17 K, is evident by the field dependence of the freezing temperature following the de Almeida–Thouless (AT) relationship and frequency dependence of Tf. Moreover, the spin-glass state is irreversible to the sweeping applied field and results in high HC at 10 K. With increases of the carbon content, we have found a gradual increasing trend in the saturation magnetization (MS: 6.6 to 9.2 emu/g) and coercivity (350 Oe to 1.3kOe) at 10 K. This is attributed to the increase of spin-glass contribution and the weak ferromagnetic phase.
Highlights
Nickel carbide nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable interest due to their impressive properties, such as chemical stability, catalytic properties and magnetic properties.[1,2,3,4] Theoretical studies have shown that the nickel carbide without defects is diamagnetic due to the strong hybridization of the Ni and C orbitals.[5]
We first time report the effect of carbon content on the low temperature magnetic properties of rhombohedral nickel carbide nanoparticles
We have demonstrated the existence of a low temperature volume spin-glass state and enhanced coercivity in rhombohedral nickel carbide nanoparticles
Summary
Nickel carbide nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable interest due to their impressive properties, such as chemical stability, catalytic properties and magnetic properties.[1,2,3,4] Theoretical studies have shown that the nickel carbide without defects is diamagnetic due to the strong hybridization of the Ni and C orbitals.[5]. Chen et al demonstrated a weak ferromagnetism and surface spin-glass like state in hexagonal phase Ni3C nanoparticles.[6] According to your knowledge, these magnetic behaviors have not been studied with variation of carbon content in the nickel carbide NPs. In this study, we first time report the effect of carbon content on the low temperature magnetic properties of rhombohedral nickel carbide nanoparticles. A volume spin-glass like state with high coercivity has been observed in the nickel carbide nanoparticles
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