Abstract
Amorphous and nanocrystalline microwires with enhanced soft magnetic properties proved to be sensitive elements in ultra-low magnetic field sensors [1]. These sensors can be used also to detect small displacements, vibrations, and various mechanical deformations. The conventional in-rotating-water quenched wires with about 100 μm in diameter, the glass-coated microwires with metallic nucleus diameters in the range 1–50 μm, and melt extracted fibers with diameters similar to the microwires are the most used classes of wire-shaped amorphous magnetic materials in these sensors [2-4]. The requirements for such wire-shaped sensitive elements are: low coercivity, high magnetic permeability, large giant magneto-impedance (GMI) response, and a substantial variation of these properties with mechanical deformation, i.e. tensile stress, torque, or bending. The small transverse dimension of a wire-shaped sensing element is also essential, considering the miniaturization of the sensor.
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