Magnetic polyethyleneimine (PEI) microcapsules as retrievable traps for carcinogen electrophiles formed in the gastrointestinal tract

Abstract

Semi-permeable magnetic microcapsules containing polyethyleneimine (PEI) have been developed as retrievable carcinogen traps. In vitro, the soluble core PEI and membrane both bound reactive substances of limited aqueous stability, such as from [ 14C] N-methyl- N-nitrosourea ([ 14C]NMU), and aqueous stable dyes of molecular weight up to 1000. The core/membrane location ratio of binding was dependent upon membrane characteristics of the microcapsule batch used. Microcapsules administered intragastrically to rats bound up to 0.006% of [ 14C]dimethylhydrazine ([ 14C]DMH) and 1.4% of [ 14C]NMU administered i.p. or intrarectally, respectively. Time-dependency of [ 14C]DMH binding was consistent with labelling of microcapsules within the small intestine. There were no detectable metabolites from [ 14C]DMH trapped within the colon, whereas binding of [ 14C]NMU indicated that microcapsules could bind transient species present within the colon in competition with the faecal bulk. These results indicate that this approach could be used to detect highly unstable and possibly genotoxic substances in situ, hitherto unknown, formed within the intestinal lumen.