Abstract
The growing interest in magnetic materials as a universal tool has been shown by an increasing number of scientific publications regarding magnetic materials and its various applications. Substantial progress has been recently made on the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide particles in terms of size, chemical composition, and surface chemistry. In addition, surface layers of polymers, silica, biomolecules, etc., on magnetic particles, can be modified to obtain affinity to target molecules. The developed magnetic iron oxide particles have been significantly utilized for diagnostic applications, such as sample preparations and biosensing platforms, leading to the selectivity and sensitivity against target molecules and the ease of use in the sensing systems. For the process of sample preparations, the magnetic particles do assist in target isolation from biological environments, having non-specific molecules and undesired molecules. Moreover, the magnetic particles can be easily applied for various methods of biosensing devices, such as optical, electrochemical, and magnetic phenomena-based methods, and also any methods combined with microfluidic systems. Here we review the utilization of magnetic materials in the isolation/preconcentration of various molecules and cells, and their use in various techniques for diagnostic biosensors that may greatly contribute to future innovation in point-of-care and high-throughput automation systems.
Highlights
Magnetic particles typically refer to the materials consisting of magnetite (Fe3O4) or maghemite ranging from sub-nano to micro-meters in size which respond to an external magnetic field [1]
The magnetic materials are generally directly dispersed in the sample solutions for the rapid extraction process because they can be readily recovered by a magnet
Optical biosensing devices have been developed to offer a simple and rapid approach for sensing biological analytes. This method has been classified into, mainly, four techniques: colorimetric, fluorescent, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering methods, which are combined with magnetic particles in integrated devices; these were reported in proof-of-concept studies
Summary
Magnetic particles typically refer to the materials consisting of magnetite (Fe3O4) or maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) ranging from sub-nano to micro-meters in size which respond to an external magnetic field [1]. Due to their unique magnetic property, they have great potentials in a variety of biological applications in their bare form or coated with surface coating materials and functional groups chosen for specific uses [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Isolation and separation of specific target molecules, including small drugs, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and cells from biological media are necessary for bioscience and biomedical applications. It has been highly anticipated that these current developments in magnetic particle may contribute to future innovation in point-of-care and high-throughput systems to increase the chance of successful diagnostics and clinical treatments
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.