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Abstract
The quality of product and process is one of the most important factors in achieving constructively and then functionally safe products in any industry. Over the years, the concept of Industry 4.0 has emerged in all the quality processes, such as nondestructive testing (NDT). The most widely used quality control methods in the industries of mechanical engineering, aerospace, and civil engineering are nondestructive methods, which are based on inspection by detecting indications, without affecting the surface quality of the examined parts. Over time, the focus has been on research with the fourth generation in nondestructive testing, i.e., NDT 4.0 or Smart NDT, as a main topic to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the methods for a safe detection of all types of discontinuities. This area of research aims at the efficiency of methods, the elimination of human errors, digitalization, and optimization from a constructive point of view. In this paper, we presented a magnetic particles inspection method and the possible future directions for the development of standard equipment used in the context of this method in accordance with the applicable physical principles and constraints of the method for cylindrical parts. A possible development direction was presented in order to streamline the mass production of parts made of ferromagnetic materials. We described the methods of analysis and the tools used for the development of a magnetic particle inspection method used for cylindrical parts in all types of industry and NDT 4.0; the aim is to provide new NDT 4.0 directions in optimizing the series production for cylindrical parts from industry, as given in the conclusion of this article.
Highlights
As digitalization evolves from year to year, many processes or industries are unable to cope with this progress [1,2]
NDT, which stands for the term “nondestructive testing”, does not affect the surface quality of the parts, the material, or the geometry of the tested components; this term is found in various publications, books, and media, and it is known as NDT, NDI, or NDE using different endings
Ni × γi During the optimization of the magnetic particle inspection of the cylindrical parts on standard control equipment, according to Figure 6, it is observed that the existence of an auxiliary device that allows for coaxiality of the central conductor and the part ensures a graphic linearity of the working parameters used during the inspection
Summary
As digitalization evolves from year to year, many processes or industries are unable to cope with this progress [1,2]. Technological processes precede the progress of digitalization, and Industry 4.0 was later developed, which led to the development of processes such as NDT, where we can see a lot of digitalization, improvements and optimizations in terms of Industry 4.0 [2,3,4]. Digitalization comes primarily with the improvement and development of new processes and methods, but it comes with the disposal of human errors, especially in the field of NDT methods where the final interpretation and final decision involves the human factor [5,6,7]. From Industry 4.0, which involves smart, digitized, and optimized nondestructive inspection processes, the development of the NDT 4.0 industry is currently facing challenges such as infrastructure limitations, lack of presence of sensors for transmitting measured values, recorded parameters, etc. It is an advantage to develop DAS (data acquisition system) systems by taking values and signals and processing them at a PC through connection cables and private intranet platforms or even wireless connections
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