Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized using the colloidal co-precipitation method and further coated with silica using the Stöber process. These were functionalized with carboxylic and amine functionalities for further covalent immobilization of antibodies on these MNPs. The procedure for covalent immobilization of antibodies on MNPs was developed using 1-ethyl-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The evaluation of the efficiency of the coupling reaction was carried out by UV-vis spectrophotometry. The developed antibodies coupled to MNPs were tested for the pre-concentration of two biomarkers tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10). Both biomarkers were assessed in the matrix based on phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) and artificial saliva (AS) to carry out the demonstration of the format assay. Supernatants were used to determine the number of free biomarkers for both studies. Reduction of the nonspecific saliva protein adsorption on the surface of the complex antibodies-MNPs to levels low enough to allow the detection of biomarkers in complex media has been achieved.
Highlights
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are of great importance when grafted with biomarkers for applications in modern biological and biotechnology areas
When the Fe3 O4 @SiO2 Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are coated with amine and a carboxylic acid, the spherical shape is maintained as Figure 2 shows but the average size increases to 10.7 + 2.1 nm and 11.6 ± 1.7 nm
The magnetic conjugates produced can be extracted using an external magnet. These MNPs have been prepared for testing the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), while the others have been prepared for Interleukin-10 (IL-10)
Summary
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are of great importance when grafted with biomarkers for applications in modern biological and biotechnology areas. The small size of MNPs (a few nanometers) is essential for them to be able to interact, bind, or penetrate biological entities This is because in the nano range, their dimensions are comparable to those of proteins, cells, or viruses, and this facilitates their movement through biological structures [7]. These MNPs are highly attractive for use in biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), targeted drug delivery, and treatment of hyperthermia.
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