Abstract
Extraction/purification of proteins, at both analytical and industrial levels, is a limiting step that usually requires the use of organic solvents and involves tedious work and a high cost. This work proposes a more sustainable alternative based on the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with carboxylate-terminated carbosilane dendrons. MNPs coated with first- and second-generation carbosilane dendrons and bare MNPs were employed for the extraction of proteins with different molecular weights and charges. Interaction of proteins with MNPs significantly varied with the pH, the protein, and the dendron generation (different sizes and number of charges in the periphery). Optimal dendron:protein molar ratios and suitable conditions for disrupting interactions after protein extraction were also researched. Second-generation dendron-coated MNPs showed 100% retention capability for all proteins when using acidic conditions. They were reused without losing magnetism or interaction capacity after a disruption of protein-dendron interactions with 0.2% SDS at 100 °C for 10 min. The capacity of dendron-coated MNPs was successfully applied to the recovery/purification of proteins from two food by-products, olive seeds and cheese whey.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Purification and extraction of proteins are a required step in theanalysis of proteins and in the recovery of proteins from food samples or by-products
The results demonstrated that the Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)@G1(SCOOH)2 could be reused and proposed as a sustainable alternative to other methods employed for the extraction/purification of proteins with high isoelectric points such as lysozyme from chicken eggs (LYS)
This work shows the capacity of magnetic nanoparticles coated with carboxylate-terminated carbosilane dendrons to interact with proteins and demonstrates that they are a green alternative to conventional methods employed for the purification/extraction of proteins
Summary
Purification and extraction of proteins are a required step in the (bio)analysis of proteins and in the recovery of proteins from food samples or by-products. At the (bio)analytical level, extraction/purification of proteins is a tedious and Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), mainly based on magnetite (Fe3O4), have unique properties such as small size, high surface area, easy functionalization, and, above all, paramagnetic properties and easy separation under external magnetic fields [4]. In order to avoid these limitations, MNPs have been coated with metals [6,7,8], polymers [9], citrate [10], and bioaffinity ligands [11,12,13]. MNPs coated with affinity ligands have been employed in
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