Abstract
Ground magnetic survey is an essential geophysical method employed in locating subsurface magnetic materials for possible exploration. In geophysics, the anomalous magnetization might be associated with local mineralization that is potentially of commercial interest. Hence a ground magnetic survey was carried out at a site in Tajimi area of Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. The study is aimed at locating the position of iron deposited minerals within the study area. The study area lies within Latitude 8 0 0292ˈN to 8 0 0625ˈN and Longitude 6 0 5833ˈE to 6 0 6167ˈE in the basement complex of Southern Nigeria. A total of fifteen magnetic transverse lines were established in an E-W direction in the study area covering 140m by 75m. Data were taken and recorded using Proton Precession magnetometer; the data were presented in magnetic profiles, 2D contour map and 3D surface map which aided the qualitatively interpretation. The study area was characterized by completely varying magnetic anomaly amplitudes across the field. The field data were quantitatively interpreted and the results gave values for the total component measurements of the ground magnetic anomaly that varied between a minimum negative peak value of about -23428.7nT and a maximum positive peak value of about 5840.9nT. The residual anomalies obtained were plotted against distance using Microsoft Excel and Analytic signal method was used to estimates the depth to the magnetic source body. The estimated depths of the magnetic source body/rocks from the Earth surface fall in the interval of 1.28m to 13.57m, which indicates the magnetic source body suspected to be magnetic mineral, are near surface features. Hence a careful analysis of the magnetic anomaly maps can give vital information about the magnetic distribution and mineral potential of the study area at Tajimi.
Highlights
Geophysics can be defined as a science which applies physical and mathematical method to study the subsurface, in other words, geophysics is an aspect of Earth science which probes the subsurface and interprets the surface conditions from the physical and mathematical parameters acquired from other physical sciences
Magnetic methods are sensitive to the susceptibility within the subsurface geology and so are ideal for exploring in the basement complex regions (Folami,1998).This non destructive technique has a numerous applications in engineering and environmental studies, including the location of voids, near surface fault, igneous dikes, and buried ferromagnetic objects like storage drums pipe (Weymouth, 1985)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) was used to measure Longitude and Latitude along the profiles which were in turn used to generate the contour maps for the study area, with the aid of mapping software, Surfer10
Summary
Geophysics can be defined as a science which applies physical and mathematical method to study the subsurface, in other words, geophysics is an aspect of Earth science which probes the subsurface and interprets the surface conditions from the physical and mathematical parameters acquired from other physical sciences. Other similar research works carried out in Nigeria using the magnetic survey method with the aid of proton precession magnetometer include; Determination of location and depth of mineral rocks at olode village in Ibadan (Akintayo et al, 2014), Ground magnetic survey for the investigation of mineral deposit at itesi village in orile ilugun Odeda (Joshua et al, 2013), Ground magnetic data interpretation of IjebuJesa area (Kayode and Adelusi, 2010) all in the southwestern part of Nigeria. The area fall under the banded iron formation of Nigeria, generally they occur in metamorphosed folded bands, associated with Precambrain basement complex rocks which included low meta-sediments, high grade schist, gneisses and migmatites. Included in this group are well known Lokoja-Okene occurrences notably at Itakpe, Ajabanoko, Chokochoko, Toto Muro and Taijimi in the Southwestern parts of Nigeria
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