Abstract
Improvements to the original procedure of using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and magnetic microspheres for the depletion of tumour cells from bone marrow are described. These include a completely disposable system for the magnetic depletion of tumour cells coated with magnetic microspheres. Properties of a new series of microspheres are compared with the old M330 beads in their ability to deplete neuroblasts from both model systems and 50 bone marrows harvested from Stage IV neuroblastoma patients. Using human neuroblastoma cell lines labelled with the DNA intercalating, Hoechst dye 33342 a 5% tumour contamination can routinely be removed from 5 X 10(6) - 5 X 10(7) nucleated cells. Analysis of the 50 purged marrows revealed that 10 were visibly contaminated with tumour (by conventional cytology and immunological procedures). In all but one case, tumour cells were removed. In this instance the tumour:bead ratio fell to 1:4 indicating the importance of maintaining a sufficient number of beads in the system. Red cell contamination of marrow was also kept extremely low so preventing possible physical blockade of bead:tumour cell interaction. Marrow engraftment was rapid in this group, apart from patients who had been exposed to high doses of alkylating agents prior to autografting.
Highlights
A variety of techniques have been developed to deplete tumour cells from bone marrow harvested for autologous transplantation (Treleaven et al, 1985)
3.6 (0-20) 2.8 (0-6) 77 21 blastoma cells titrated into peripheral blood mononuclear cells or bone marrow we routinely identified one malignant cell in 10,000 normal nucleated progenitors
The use of magnetic microspheres and panels of monoclonal antibodies for the depletion of tumour cells from bone marrow is an extremely fast, efficient and cost effective procedure (Treleaven et al, 1984)
Summary
A variety of techniques have been developed to deplete tumour cells from bone marrow harvested for autologous transplantation (Treleaven et al, 1985). Reisner (1983) has shown that, in model systems, he could obtain a limited depletion of neuroblasts from bone marrow using soybean agglutinin. Saarinen et al (1985) have described, in model systems, the use of a murine monoclonal antibody of the IgG3 isotype (recognising the ganglioside GD2) and human complement for killing tumour cells in bone marrow. The use of a single antibody and complement for purging marrow is unlikely to lead to maximal tumour kill as Gee et al (1986) have demonstrated that this leads to the selection of cells of low antigen density, resistant to complement mediated cytolysis
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