Abstract
In this work, magnetic hydroxyapatite or hydroxyapatite-iron (III) oxide (HAp-Fe3O4) composite was used as the adsorbent of heavy metals and the performance was evaluated using the batch test. The presence of heavy metals in the effluent from wastewater discharge can be toxic to many organisms and can even lead to eye burns. Therefore, hydroxyapatite synthesized from the chemical precipitation of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions is used to remove heavy metal in aqueous media. Magnetic properties of Fe3O4 can help prevent formation of secondary pollutants caused by the loss of adsorbent. The synthesized HAp-Fe3O4 can remove cadmium, zinc and lead effectively, which is up to 90% removal. Reusability study shows that the adsorbent could retain heavy metal ions even after four cycles. The percentage removal of heavy metals maintains at around 80% after four times of usage. The composite of HAp-Fe3O4 demonstrates good performance and stability which is beneficial for heavy metal removal in the future.
Highlights
The environmental problems caused by globalization and rapid industrialization are increasingly harmful to humans
Cadmium, copper, chromium, arsenic and zinc were heavy metals that are affected via grazing of animals in fields of the milk and dairy products which are the main source of diet for infants and adults [1]
Magnetic hydroxyapatite was synthesized with chemical precipitation and its adsorption behaviour was investigated on heavy metal
Summary
The environmental problems caused by globalization and rapid industrialization are increasingly harmful to humans. Heavy metals in wastewater within industrial effluent are a major concern for pollution of the environment. It is sometimes quoted as a density of more than 5 g/cm which is a commonly used criterion for many articles. Statistics show that 90% of heavy metals uptakes in human body are caused by the consumption of vegetables grown in contaminated fields, and the remaining uptake sources are from air inhalation or direct skin contacts [1]. In order to make up their routine needs, human being is exposed to heavy metals when using industrial products, such as batteries, paints, wires and pipes [1]. Emissions of heavy metals over the last 100 years have declined [2]. In some parts of the world such as less developed countries, exposure to heavy metals continues to increase many adverse health effects by heavy metals have been long known
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