Abstract
We report the magnetic hardening of CeFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> Ti by melt spinning and compare ribbons prepared with and without TiC additions for grain refinement. X-ray diffraction indicates that samples melt-spun at surface wheel speeds between v <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> = 10 and 35 m/s are multiphased. However, CeFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> Ti with a major ThMn12-type phase has been successfully obtained either by directly melt spinning at the optimum wheel speed v <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> = 10 m/s or by annealing the overquenched ribbons melt spun at v <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> = 35 m/s. To restrain the grain growth during annealing, 3 and 6 at% TiC have been added to the starting ingots, which were subsequently melt spun in the same range of wheel speed. For as-spun samples, adding TiC leads to much finer grains as well as much greater phase separation compared with samples without TiC. However, upon annealing, multiphased TiC added samples can be fully converted to the desired CeFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> Ti phase with ThMn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> type crystal structure together with TiC precipitates. Because of the grain refining effect played by TiC, samples with TiC are subject to less grain growth during the heat treatment, and hence feature an enhanced H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ci</sub> =1.3$ kOe and energy product (BH) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 0.87$ MGOe that are 18% and 22% higher, respectively, compared with the best annealed samples without TiC.
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