Abstract
Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets were prepared by embedding Fe3O4 nanoparticles on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-modified graphene oxide (GO) sheets for bacteria capture and destruction under a high-frequency magnetic field (HFMF). The characteristics of MRGO sheets were evaluated systematically by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM observation revealed that magnetic nanoparticles (8–10 nm) were dispersed on MRGO sheets. VSM measurements confirmed the superparamagnetic characteristics of the MRGO sheets. Under HFMF exposure, the temperature of MRGO sheets increased from 25 to 42 °C. Furthermore, we investigated the capability of MRGO sheets to capture and destroy bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). The results show that MRGO sheets could capture bacteria and kill them through an HFMF, showing a great potential in magnetic separation and antibacterial application.
Highlights
Accelerating research on carbon nanostructures led to the discovery of graphene
The diameter of graphene oxide (GO) is around a few micrometers (2–6 μm) (Figure 2a)
The results show that higher concentrations of Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) will capture more bacteria
Summary
Accelerating research on carbon nanostructures led to the discovery of graphene. Graphene consists of a flat monolayer of carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice. Graphene is the basic fundamental structure for the derivative graphitic materials of all other dimensionalities including fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphite [1], and is the thinnest and strongest material. Graphene has attracted much attention in materials science [3], biotechnology [4], and bio-detection [5]. Significant development has been conducted for the utilization of graphene in bio-applications. Bio-applications of graphene and graphene oxide remain challenging and must be solved with effective collaborations through multiple disciplines, including biotechnology and nanotechnology [6,7]
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