Abstract
Ceramics and glass ceramics based on industrial waste have been widely recognized as competitive products for building applications; however, there is a great potential for such materials with novel functionalities. In this paper, we discuss the development of magnetic sintered glass ceramics based on two iron-rich slags, coming from non-ferrous metallurgy and recycled borosilicate glass. The substantial viscous flow of the glass led to dense products for rapid treatments at relatively low temperatures (900–1000 °C), whereas glass/slag interactions resulted in the formation of magnetite crystals, providing ferrimagnetism. Such behavior could be exploited for applying the obtained glass ceramics as induction heating plates, according to preliminary tests (showing the rapid heating of selected samples, even above 200 °C). The chemical durability and safety of the obtained glass ceramics were assessed by both leaching tests and cytotoxicity tests.
Highlights
The recycling of inorganic waste into new usable ceramic products has been a key strategy for environmental protection for the last few decades [1], which has included efforts to produce glass ceramics from waste [2]
We investigated mixtures of pharmaceutical borosilicate glass residues and two iron-rich slags, coming from non-ferrous metallurgy
The mixing of slags with borosilicate glass was successful in yielding dense products by fast sintering at relatively low temperatures (900–1000 °C) with an excellent stabilization of pollutants present in the slags, as assessed by direct leaching tests and by cytotoxicity tests
Summary
The recycling of inorganic waste into new usable ceramic products has been a key strategy for environmental protection for the last few decades [1], which has included efforts to produce glass ceramics from waste [2]. Knowledge, only after a vitrification process aiming at the separation of iron from the glassy matrix [15,16,17] In this investigation, the mixing of slags with borosilicate glass was successful in yielding dense products by fast sintering at relatively low temperatures (900–1000 °C) with an excellent stabilization of pollutants (e.g., heavy metal ions) present in the slags, as assessed by direct leaching tests and by cytotoxicity tests. The mixing of slags with borosilicate glass was successful in yielding dense products by fast sintering at relatively low temperatures (900–1000 °C) with an excellent stabilization of pollutants (e.g., heavy metal ions) present in the slags, as assessed by direct leaching tests and by cytotoxicity tests These tests using cell culture methods are being proposed to provide reliable data about the safety of waste-derived products, e.g., when they come into direct contact with biological. The formation of magnetite, as the main crystal phase in the obtained glass ceramics, was exploited for considering the application of the new glass ceramics in induction heating applications
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