Abstract
The formation and history of cosmic magnetism is still widely unknown. Significant progress can be made through the study of magnetic fields properties in the large-scale structure of the Universe: galaxy clusters, filaments, and voids of the cosmic web. A powerful tool to study magnetization of these environments is represented by radio observations of diffuse synchrotron sources and background or embedded radio galaxies. To draw a detailed picture of cosmic magnetism, high-quality data of these sources need to be used in conjunction with sophisticated tools of analysis.
Highlights
Evidence of magnetization has been found in a variety of environments up to the largest gravitationally bound systems of the Universe, clusters of galaxies
Only indications of the presence of magnetic fields have been found outside galaxy clusters [5] and upper limits on their strength of 0.03–2 μG have been derived from the cross-correlation of radio images with magneto-hydro-dynamical simulations and data at other wavelengths [6,7]
In galaxy clusters not showing diffuse synchrotron radio emission, we investigated the intracluster magnetic field power spectrum with the analysis of polarimetric properties of powerful and extended radio galaxies over a wide frequency range, as for example in A2199 [27] and A194 [30] where the Faraday effect is dominated by the intracluster contribution
Summary
Evidence of magnetization has been found in a variety of environments up to the largest gravitationally bound systems of the Universe, clusters of galaxies. Only indications of the presence of magnetic fields have been found outside galaxy clusters [5] and upper limits on their strength of 0.03–2 μG have been derived from the cross-correlation of radio images with magneto-hydro-dynamical simulations and data at other wavelengths [6,7]. Filaments should host a large fraction of the thermal baryons that inhabit our Universe that should be visible at X-ray and millimeter/sub-millimeter wavelengths due to thermal bremsstrahlung and the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect. These signals are very hard to detect due to the low-densities involved. The mixing of magnetic fields and thermal particles could be observed at radio frequencies through the Faraday rotation of the signal of background radio sources up to a level of ∼1 rad/m2 [8]
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