Abstract
Abstract Bi0.9Gd0.1FeO3 (BGFO) thin films were fabricated on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by using the sol–gel technology. The effects of annealing temperature (400–700 °C) on microstructure and multiferroic properties of thin films were investigated. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the BGFO thin films had an orthorhombic structure. The thin films showed ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties with remanent polarization (2Pr) of 10 μC/cm2, remnant magnetization (2Mr) of 2.4 emu/g and saturation magnetization (Ms) of 5.3 emu/g. A small leakage current density (J) was 4.64×10−8 A/cm2 under applied field 100 kV/cm. It was found that more than one conduction mechanism is involved in the electric field range used in these experiments. The leakage current mechanisms were controlled by Poole–Frenkel emission in the low electric field region and by Schottky emission from the Pt electrode in the high field region.
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