Abstract
This study focused on the photo-thermal energy conversion performance and thermal characteristics of MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid under an external magnetic field. In addition, the thermal and optimal properties of MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid were compared to those of MWCNT and Fe3O4 nanofluids. The photo-thermal energy conversion efficiency of Fe3O4, MWCNT nanofluids and MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid increased with the concentration and decreased with the operating time. An external magnetic field significantly enhanced the photo-thermal energy conversion efficiency at 0.2 wt% MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid, the photo-thermal energy conversion efficiency was 32.8% and 45.1% with the absence and presence of an external magnetic field. Adding MWCNT nanoparticles can increase the thermal properties of the Fe3O4 nanofluid. In addition, the increase of magnetic force significantly improved the thermal conductivity of the Fe3O4 nanofluid and MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid.
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