Magnetic dialdehyde starch as green support for the growth of hyaluronic acid terminated covalent organic framework: A pH-controlled daunorubicin delivery system with inherent antibacterial feature

Abstract

Considering the importance of the systems with both antibacterial and controlled delivery properties, herein, a new multifunctional nanosystem was designed and fabricated benefiting from the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4), starch (St), covalent organic framework (COF), and hyaluronic acid (HA) features. The physicochemical characterization confirmed the success of the sample synthesis. The SEM analysis established the spherical shape of the constructed samples. The mean hydrodynamic particle size of 481 nm was determined for the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA. BET analysis obtained the surface area and mean pore diameter respectively 55.458 m2/g and 6.3855 nm. The saturation magnetization of 15.75 emu/g can approve the targeted drug delivery potential of CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA. Daunorubicin (DNR), a model anticancer drug was loaded ∼53.7% on the final system (DNR@CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA). The drug delivery studies revealed more DNR release in simulated tumor cell conditions with respect to normal conditions. More importantly, the outcome of the MTT and DAPI tests exhibited that the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA is biocompatible with MDA-MB 231 cells, while the DNR -loaded CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA leads to further inhibition of cell proliferation. The inherent antibacterial potential was detected in both S. aureus and E. coli strains. Altogether, the achieved results can propose that the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA holds great potential as a carrier for cancer therapy without any concerns about bacterial infections.