Abstract
BackgroundProduction of biodiesel from renewable sources such as inedible vegetable oils by enzymatic catalysis has been a hotspot but remains a challenge on the efficient use of an enzyme. COFs (Covalent Organic Frameworks) with large surface area and porosity can be applied as ideal support to avoid aggregation of lipase and methanol. However, the naturally low density limits its application. In this work, we reported a facile synthesis of core–shell magnetic COF composite (Fe3O4@COF-OMe) to immobilize RML (Rhizomucor miehei lipase), to achieve its utilization in biodiesel production.ResultThis strategy gives extrinsic magnetic property, and the magnetic COFs is much heavier and could disperse in water medium well, facilitating the attachment with the enzyme. The resultant biocomposite exhibited an excellent capacity of RML due to its high surface area and fast response to the external magnetic field, as well as good chemical stability. The core–shell magnetic COF-OMe structure not only achieved highly efficient immobilization and recovery processes but also maintained the activity of lipase to a great extent. RML@Fe3O4@COF-OMe performed well in practical applications, while free lipase did not. The biocomposite successfully achieved the production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas Oil with a yield of about 70% in the optimized conditions.ConclusionMagnetic COFs (Fe3O4@COF-OMe) for RML immobilization greatly improved catalytic performance in template reaction and biodiesel preparation. The magneticity makes it easily recovered and separated from the system. This first successful attempt of COFs-based immobilized enzyme broadened the prospect of biodiesel production by COFs with some inspiration.
Highlights
Production of biodiesel from renewable sources such as inedible vegetable oils by enzymatic catalysis has been a hotspot but remains a challenge on the efficient use of an enzyme
Magnetic Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) (Fe3O4@COF-OMe) for Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) immobilization greatly improved catalytic performance in template reaction and biodiesel preparation. The magneticity makes it recovered and separated from the sys‐ tem. This first successful attempt of COFs-based immobilized enzyme broadened the prospect of biodiesel produc‐ tion by COFs with some inspiration
Preparation and characterization of Fe3O4@COF‐OMe nanoparticles and immobilized RML The facile synthesis of magnetic core–shell COFs is based on the room-temperature synthesis of COF-OMe
Summary
Production of biodiesel from renewable sources such as inedible vegetable oils by enzymatic catalysis has been a hotspot but remains a challenge on the efficient use of an enzyme. As a sister material of MOFs, Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs), without toxic metal ion, is highly desirable because of long-term water/chemistry stability [18, 19]. This emerging porous nanomaterial are prepared by linkage of organic building units covalently into extended structures to make crystalline materials, whose backbones are composed of light elements (B, C, N, O, Si) [20, 21]. Its tunability and stability enable its application in gas storage [23, 24], sensing [25, 26], and catalysis [27, 28], as well as immobilization of enzyme This is because COFs could provide appropriate abundant micro and mesopore channels, affording large surface area for infiltrating biomolecules. There are specific sites on the interface for weak interaction or covalent binding [30, 31], so that the immobilization process varies with a practical need [17]
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