Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals in water systems threatens both terrestrial and aquatic life across the globe. Some of such contaminants are β-blockers and anticonvulsants, which have been constantly detected in different water systems. Various methodologies have been introduced for the removal of these emerging pollutants from different waters. Among them, adsorption using nanomaterials has proved to be an efficient and cost-effective process for the removal of pharmaceuticals from contaminated water. In this this study, a firsthand/time approach applying a recyclable magnetic cellulose-chitosan nanocomposite for effective simultaneous removal of two β-blockers (atenolol (ATN)) and propranolol (PRP) and an anticonvulsant (carbamazepine (CBZ)) is reported. A detailed characterization of the eco-friendly, biocompatible cellulose-chitosan nanocomposite with magnetic properties was performed at various rates of synthesis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A N2c adsorption-desorption test showed that the prepared nanocomposite is mesoporous, with a BET area of 112 m2 g−1. The BET isotherms results showed that the magnetic cellulose-chitosan nanocomposite has a pore size of 24.1 nm. The adsorption equilibrium of PRP and CBZ fitted with the Langmuir isotherm was consistent with the highest coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9945) and (R2 = 0.9942), respectively, while the Sips model provided a better fit for ATN, with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9956. The adsorption rate was accompanied by a pseudo-second-order kinetics. Moreover, the swelling test showed that up to 100 percent swelling of the magnetic cellulose-chitosan nanocomposite was achieved.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe presence of pharmaceutical residues in water systems has received great attention because they have been acknowledged as emerging environmental pollutants [1]
This is due1).toThis the presence of tively incorporated into chitosan and cellulose
These peaks confirmed that the magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite was
Summary
The presence of pharmaceutical residues in water systems has received great attention because they have been acknowledged as emerging environmental pollutants [1] Pharmaceuticals such as β-blockers and anticonvulsants are found in water systems because they are very popular drugs that are used worldwide. Carbamazepine is usually used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, mental illnesses, schizophrenia, depression, seizure disorders and relief of neuralgia [4]. These drugs are partially excreted unaltered after ingestion and enter the environment through a variety of channels, including household waste, hospital discharges, and improper manufacturer disposal into wastewater treatment plants [5,6,7]. Hospital effluents had a greater detection frequency iations.
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