Abstract
The dynamics of ferroelectromagnetic (multiferroic) crystalsRMn2O5 (R = Eu andGd), showing magnetic and ferroelectric phase transitions with close transition temperatures (40 and30 K for R = Eu and Gd, respectively), was studied in the frequency and temperature ranges 20–300 GHzand 5–50 K, respectively. It was found that magnetic resonance spectra ofGdMn2O5 are characteristic for the homogeneous long-range magnetic order both of the antiferomagneticMn-subsystem and Gd magnetic subsystem, possessing a large ferromagnetic moment. In otherRMn2O5 crystals (with nonmagnetic or weakly magnetic rare-earth ions) incommensurate orspace-modulated magnetic structures in Mn-subsystem are present. The strong Gd–Mn andGd–Mn–Gd exchange interactions are responsible for the homogeneous magnetic state. Astrong effect of the magnetic state on the ferroelectric state was discovered inGdMn2O5 crystal. The temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition inGdMn2O5 is shifted to the lower temperature as compared with otherRMn2O5 crystals. Mixed magnetoelectric excitations inGdMn2O5 were observed for the first time.
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