Abstract
Materials like, stainless steel, titanium, magnesium-based alloys, cobalt-based alloys are used as suitable materials for biomedical implants. Magnesium and its alloys are highly used as a suitable metal for the present-day biomedical implants because of its increased ability to get mixed in the human bodily fluids, eliminating the shortcomings like stress shielding effect, metal toxicity over a certain period of utilization, second surgery caused by other metal implants. The bioabsorbable and bioresorbable properties, mechanical strength, excellent osteogenic properties, degradation, and dissolving property of the magnesium alloys are the unique characteristics that make it a suitable choice for bio-degradable bone replacements. Fabrication of complex geometry implants through conventional manufacturing techniques stands challenging. The introduction of the additive manufacturing (AM) technique condenses the problem associated with the manufacturing of complex body parts with near-net shape dimensions using magnesium material. Manufacturing of such bio-medical components with comprehensive improved properties related to microstructure, mechanical property, design constraint through AM process requires a detailed and thorough understanding of the process and material. The current review article highlights the above said particulars and issues related to AM of Magnesium components. Various AM procedures involved in the Mg bio-implant fabrication, mechanical and metallurgical property improvement, and various challenges involved in handling Mg powders are discussed. Lastly, the opportunities and future scope of the AM process of Mg implants are highlighted.
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