Magic and mystery of microRNA-32.

Zl Zeng,Qingyun Zhu,Xuyu Zu,Jianghua Liu,Zhibo Zhao

doi:10.1111/jcmm.16861

Zl Zeng, Qingyun Zhu + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16861

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous, small (∼22 nts in length) noncoding RNA molecules that function specifically by base pairing with the mRNA of genes and regulate gene expression at the post‐transcriptional level. Alterations in miR‐32 expression have been found in numerous diseases and shown to play a vital role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. MiR‐32 has been documented as an oncomiR in the majority of related studies but has been also verified as a tumour suppressor miRNA in conflicting reports. Moreover, it has a crucial role in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. This review provides an in‐depth look into the most recent finding regarding miR‐32, which is involved in the expression, regulation and functions in different diseases, especially tumours. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings suggesting that miR‐32 may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several diseases.

Highlights

MicroRNAs are endogenous, single-stranded small noncoding RNAs about 19~24 nucleotides long that represent an emerging group of gene expression modulators with critical roles in several biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression, autophagy, apoptosis and organ development
Target transcripts are recognized by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) via direct binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the mRNA. miRNAs function through degradation of protein-coding transcripts(perfect complementarity with the 3′-UTR of the target mRNA) or translational repression(imperfect complementarity).[4,5]
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous class of tumours that accounts for approximately 85% of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases, and 70% of patients with NSCLC are at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis.[79]

Summary

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded small noncoding RNAs about 19~24 nucleotides (nts) long that represent an emerging group of gene expression modulators with critical roles in several biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle progression, autophagy, apoptosis and organ development. The overexpression of miR-32 significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by regulating its target genes, namely, B and T lymphocytes attenuator (BTLA).

Results

Conclusion