Abstract
Investigations of antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus activities have been carried out on Garcinia macrophylla Mart. plant extract fractions. An isolate from a fraction of ethyl acetate extract was characterized with spectroscopic data. A new biflavonoid compound was found to have a skeleton of 5,7,4′,5″,7″,3‴,4‴-heptahydroxyflavanone[3-6″] flavones which was named macrophylloflavone (1). The compound was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with cephazolin as a positive control, antioxidant assay against 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with ascorbic acid as the positive control, and anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment with metformin as a positive control. The biflavonoid compound exhibited a good inhibition for bacteria and free radical DPPH. Furthermore, biflavonoid compound treatment on the diabetic rats suggested its ability to decrease the blood glucose level. This study provided evidence that the plant has antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties.
Highlights
Degenerative diseases contribute the most number of world’s mortalities and morbidities
Diabetes mellitus is an example of degenerative diseases which is infamous for the death of 1.6 million people worldwide in 2016. e disease is believed to be the main cause due to a lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas or metabolic disorders when blood glucose levels are higher than normal levels [5]
Recent studies found that people with the disease are more susceptible to dermatologic infections, such as staphylococcal follicular skin infections, erysipelas, and cellulitis. is is made worse by the fact that the human body is vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria, even when we carry out our daily routine [6, 7]
Summary
Degenerative diseases contribute the most number of world’s mortalities and morbidities. The main factor causing the degenerative diseases is free radicals, which are actively produced through human body metabolic process [1,2,3,4]. Is is made worse by the fact that the human body is vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria, even when we carry out our daily routine [6, 7]. It leads to a situation where patients take many kinds of medicines. This study proposed the use of ethnomedicinal plants which have antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities [11, 12]. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-type 2 diabetic activities of the new biflavonoid extracted from G. macrophylla (Clusiaceae)
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