Abstract
This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the role of macrophages in the immunopathogenesis of infectious lung diseases of bacterial etiology. The article summarizes information about the origin of macrophages, their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. The mechanisms of impaired protective function of innate immunity are associated with the polarization of the program of maturation and activation of macrophages in the direction to tolerogenic or immunoregulatory cells with phenotype of M2. Alveolar macrophages perform a variety of functions (from pro-inflammatory to regenerative) in the development of inflammation in the respiratory organs. Their inherent plasticity suggests that the same macrophages can change their phenotype and function depending on the microenvironment in the inflammatory focus at different stages of the disease. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate macrophage plasticity will be an important step towards realizing the potential of personalized immunomodulatory therapy.
Highlights
This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the role of macrophages in the immunopathogenesis of infectious lung diseases of bacterial etiology
The mechanisms of impaired protective function of innate immunity are associated with the polarization of the program of maturation and activation of macrophages in the direction to tolerogenic or immunoregulatory cells with phenotype of M2
Alveolar macrophages perform a variety of functions in the development of inflammation in the respiratory organs
Summary
Чурина Е.Г.1, 2, Ситникова А.В.1, Уразова О.И.1, 3, Чумакова С.П.1, Винс М.В.1, Береснева А.Е.1, Новицкий В.В.1, 3. Обзор литературы посвящен анализу роли макрофагов в иммунопатогенезе инфекционных заболеваний легких бактериальной этиологии. Механизмы нарушений защитной функции врожденного иммунитета связаны с поляризацией программы созревания и активации макрофагов в направлении толерогенных или иммунорегуляторных клеток с фенотипом М2. Альвеолярные макрофаги выполняют разнообразные функции (от провоспалительной до регенераторной) при развитии воспаления в органах дыхания. Что одни и те же макрофаги могут изменять свой фенотип и функции в зависимости от микроокружения в очаге воспаления на разных стадиях заболевания. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи. Для цитирования: Чурина Е.Г., Ситникова А.В., Уразова О.И., Чумакова С.П., Винс М.В., Береснева А.Е., Новицкий В.В. Макрофаги при бактериальных болезнях легких: фенотип и функции (обзор).
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