Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Restriction of HIV-1 Transinfection from Dendritic Cells to CD4+ T Cells through the Regulation of Autophagy

Abstract

At mucosal surfaces, immature resident Dendritic Cells (DC) and Langerhans Cells (LC) are among the first cell types to encounter and to be infected by HIV-1 virus (Ahmed et al., 2015, Pena-Cruz et al., 2018). LC and myeloid DCs can restrict early HIV-1 infection through active mechanisms of viral entry restriction due to their primary autophagic functions (Blanchet et al., 2010). During early-stage infection, the recognition of virus by DCs results in the release of cytokines: Interferon-stimulated genes and TGF-β have shown their contribution in the control of HIV-1 infection (Czubala et al., 2016, Soper et al., 2017).