Macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium and fiber intakes of 1–10 year old children by age, gender and race

Abstract

Intakes of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium and dietary fiber were evaluated among 1–10 year old US children stratified by age, gender and race. The USDA's 1989–1991 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) data sets supplied the study sample. Caregivers of 1,895 children residing in the 48 conterminous states provided one 24-hour recall and two 1-day food records to describe the children's dietary intake. Blacks compared to Whites and females compared to males consumed less energy. Children consumed 46–52%, 15–17%, 34–38%, 13–15%, 5–6%, 12–15% of energies from carbohydrates, proteins, fats, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat and monounsaturated fat, respectively. Intakes of fat, saturated fat and cholesterol (mg/1000 Kcal) exceeded current recommendations. Intake ratio of polyunsaturated fat to saturated fat was lower than recommendation. Cholesterol intakes were higher and dietary fiber intakes were lower among Blacks compared to Whites. Dietary patterns of children were less favorable for cardiovascular health. To achieve recommended intake patterns, significant modifications are needed in children's diets concerning fat, sodium and fiber.