Abstract
Polymers for applications in second order nonlinear optics (NLO) have been an hot topic in applied macromolecular research since the middle of 1980s. These polymers contain organic or metallorganic NLO active fragments, typically π-conjugated molecules end capped with electron donor and acceptor groups, incorporated within the polymer. The NLO active fragments can be physically dispersed in the polymer matrix or they can be covalently bounded to the polymer chain as side pendants or along the main chain; finally, cross-linked NLO polymers can be considered too. In this Chapter, starting from the basic physical aspects of molecular NLO activity, the principal classes of NLO active molecules will be described and the different ways in which the NLO active fragments can be incorporated within a polymer will be examinated with emphasis on the chemical features allowing optimization of NLO performances of the final materials.
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