Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) as an Intraguild Prey for the Zoophytophagous Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae)

Abstract

Abstract The zoophytophagous predator Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) (Heteroptera: Miridae) has previously been identified as a potential prey for the intraguild zoophytophagous predator Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner. Its value as an intraguild prey was tested for D. tamaninii nymphal development and adult survival. In the laboratory, plant (red tomato fruit, green tomato fruit, tomato leaf) and animal (aphids, whiteflies, pyralid eggs) resources were compared to frozen nymphs of M. caliginosus as an intraguild resource for D. tamaninii. M. caliginosus nymphs allowed complete and rapid development of D. tamaninii nymphs and generated low mortality of nymphal and adult stages. Performances were higher with the intraguild M. caliginosus resource than with plant resources. Tomato leaves did not allow the complete nymphal development of D. tamaninii. Tomato fruit generated lighter adults and doubled the nymphal developmental time compared with the M. caliginosus resource. In the animal resource group, there were no differences between the M. caliginosus and the other treatments (aphids, whiteflies, pyralid eggs) for nymphal mortality, average number of molts, nymphal developmental time, adult weight, and adult survival. M. caliginosus should be considered a high-quality resource for D. tamaninii.