Abstract
Macrolide and rifampin resistance developed on a horse breeding farm after widespread use was instituted for treatment of subclinical pulmonary lesions in foals. Resistance occurred in 6 (24%) of 25 pretreatment and 8 (62%) of 13 (62%) posttreatment isolates from affected foals. Drug-resistant isolates formed 2 distinct genotypic clusters.
Highlights
Rhodococcus equi is a major cause of pneumonia in young horses and a common opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised humans [1]
This finding led to a disease investigation consisting of retrospective data collection (Table 1), collection of air samples in September 2010 to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant R. equi in the environment, and prospective culture of pulmonary lesions from all foals in 2011 before initiation of antimicrobial drug therapy
R. equi isolates with MIC values
Summary
Rhodococcus equi is a major cause of pneumonia in young horses and a common opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised humans [1]. During March–July 2010, the farm reported 9 foals infected with macrolide- and rifampin-resistant R. equi isolates. This finding led to a disease investigation consisting of retrospective data collection (Table 1), collection of air samples in September 2010 to determine the prevalence of drug-resistant R. equi in the environment, and prospective culture of pulmonary lesions from all foals in 2011 before initiation of antimicrobial drug therapy.
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