Macrohistory of the legal transformations in Iran from the reception of Turk-Mongolian law to the inception of legal modernization

Abstract

Two major transformations in the constitutional history of the Islamic Middle East are examined with reference to Iran. Two snapshots sketch the consequences of the reception, respectively, of the Turko-Mongolian since the first half of the fifteenth century, marked the reconciliation of Turko-Mongolian and Islamic law, and of the legal framework of the international system of modern nation-states in the nineteenth century. The turning point from the Turko-Mongolian to the modern legal transplantation is the collapse of the last Turko-Mongolian empire in world history – that of Nāder Shah (1736-1747). It was followed by half a century of internecine tribal warfare from which Iran emerged as a state forced to adopt Western law in the century-long course of its defensive modernization against imperialist pressure that resulted in the inception of legal modernization. Se analizan dos grandes transformaciones de la historia constitucional del Medio Oriente islamico, con referencia a Iran. Dos radiografias bosquejan las consecuencias de la recepcion, respectivamente, de los turco-mongoles a partir de la primera mitad del siglo XV –marcando la reconciliacion del derecho turco-mongol e islamico– y del marco juridico para el sistema internacional de los modernos Estados-nacion en el siglo XIX. El punto de inflexion del trasplante turco-mongol al derecho moderno es la caida del ultimo Imperio Turco-Mongol de Nāder Shah (1736-1747). Siguio medio siglo de guerras internas entre tribus, de las cuales emergio Iran como un Estado obligado a adoptar el derecho occidental en el curso de un siglo de su modernizacion defensiva contra las presiones imperialistas, lo cual dio como resultado el comienzo de la modernizacion juridica. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1069