Macrochelid Mites (Mesostigmata: Macrochelidae) as Biological Control Agents

Abstract

Macrochelidae are fast-moving, free-living cosmopolitan predators found in habitats that are rich in decaying organic material, including manure. They feed mainly on small arthropods and nematodes, showing great potential as biological control agents. The first publication concerning the predatory behavior of these mites was published only about 70 year ago. The number of publications increased considerably until the mid-1970s, mainly due to the efforts of A. Filipponi and R.C. Axtell, reducing considerably afterward. Macrochelids have received limited attention in most countries. However, researchers involved in the biological control of organisms that spend part of their life in discontinuous habitats, where these mites are most commonly found (especially fly species), might consider macrochelids to deserve special attention. The initial effort in these countries should concentrate on faunistic studies to enable correct determination of the species present, their population dynamics, and their relationships with other organisms. A series of other more applied topics for research could then be established, involving the evaluation of groups of organisms to be targeted for control. Encouragin results obtained by different authors have led to the practical use of macrochelids. Macrocheles robustulus is presently commercially available for the control of pre-pupae and pupae of thrips as well as larvae of Lyprauta sp. (Keroplatidae). More intensive studies of the macrochelids may turn possible the detection of other species with potential for practical use.