Abstract
• A comprehensive review of artificial intelligent methods applied in sign language recognition systems. • Bibliometric analysis of research progress and publication pattern in intelligent based sign language recognition. • Overview of feature extraction and sign image segmentation techniques. • The publication trend in intelligent sign language recognition system is consistent with the rapid increase in people affected by hearing disability. Sign language is an essential tool to bridge the communication gap between normal and hearing-impaired people. However, the diversity of over 7000 present-day sign languages with variability in motion position, hand shape, and position of body parts making automatic sign language recognition (ASLR) a complex system. In order to overcome such complexity, researchers are investigating better ways of developing ASLR systems to seek intelligent solutions and have demonstrated remarkable success. This paper aims to analyse the research published on intelligent systems in sign language recognition over the past two decades. A total of 649 publications related to decision support and intelligent systems on sign language recognition (SLR) are extracted from the Scopus database and analysed. The extracted publications are analysed using bibliometric VOSViewer software to (1) obtain the publications temporal and regional distributions, (2) create the cooperation networks between affiliations and authors and identify productive institutions in this context. Moreover, reviews of techniques for vision-based sign language recognition are presented. Various features extraction and classification techniques used in SLR to achieve good results are discussed. The literature review presented in this paper shows the importance of incorporating intelligent solutions into the sign language recognition systems and reveals that perfect intelligent systems for sign language recognition are still an open problem. Overall, it is expected that this study will facilitate knowledge accumulation and creation of intelligent-based SLR and provide readers, researchers, and practitioners a roadmap to guide future direction. Flowchart of publications gathering in Scopus database and the procedure for bibliometric analysis .
Highlights
Communication is an essential tool in human existence
The findings of the bibliometric evaluation of the research published on intelligent systems in sign language recognition over the past two decades are presented under different sections
This trend indicates that intelligent systems are gaining attention in the research area of sign language recognition, most especially from 2011 upwards
Summary
Communication is an essential tool in human existence. If deaf-mute happens during childhood, their language learning ability can be hindered and results in language impairment, known as hearing mutism. These ailments are part of the most common disabilities worldwide (Hasan et al, 2020). CIELAB colour space and Canny Edge detection. The Fourier transformed coefficients form the Fourier descriptors of the image and represent the shape in the frequency domain, lower and higher frequency descriptors (Cheok et al, 2019). The lower frequency descriptors contain information about the general features of the shape, while the higher frequency descriptors contain information about the relevant part of the shape
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