Machine learning for the prediction of bone metastasis in patients with newly diagnosed thyroid cancer.

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aimed to establish a machine learning prediction model that can be used to predict bone metastasis (BM) in patients with newly diagnosed thyroid cancer (TC).MethodsDemographic and clinicopathologic variables of TC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2010 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. On this basis, we developed a random forest (RF) algorithm model based on machine‐learning. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy score, recall rate, and specificity are used to evaluate and compare the prediction performance of the RF model and the other model.ResultsA total of 17,138 patients were included in the study, with 166 (0.97%) developed bone metastases. Grade, T stage, histology, race, sex, age, and N stage were the important prediction features of BM. The RF model has better predictive performance than the other model (AUC: 0.917, accuracy: 0.904, recall rate: 0.833, and specificity: 0.905).ConclusionsThe RF model constructed in this study could accurately predict bone metastases in TC patients, which may provide clinicians with more personalized clinical decision‐making recommendations. Machine learning technology has the potential to improve the development of BM prediction models in TC patients.