Abstract
The agriculture sector is the most water-consuming sector. Due to the critical situation of available water resources in Jordan, attention should be paid to the issues of water demand and appropriate irrigation in order to spread the right management ways of modern irrigation to the farmers. The objectives of this paper are to improve the irrigation process and provide irrigation water to the highest possible extent through the use of artificial intelligence to construct a smart irrigation system that controls the irrigation mechanism using the necessary tools for sensing soil moisture and temperature, giving alerts of any change in the parameters entered as the baseline values for comparison, and installing system sensors buried at a depth of 3-5 inches below the roots to measure the moisture content in the soil. The sensors measure the humidity and temperature in the soil every ten minutes. They prevent the automatic irrigation process if the humidity is high, and permit it if the humidity is low. The smart automatic irrigation system model was built using the Decision Tree (DT) algorithm, which is a machine learning algorithm that trains the system on a part of the collected data to build the model that will be used to examine and predict the remaining data. The system had a prediction accuracy of 97.86%, which means that it may be successfully used in providing irrigation water for the agricultural sector.
Highlights
IntroductionAgricultural lands are widely spread, mainly in the Jordan Valley (northern, central, and southern)
An automatic irrigation system has been designed that measures soil moisture and temperature, in addition to some characteristics affecting the irrigation process such as soil quality and salinity
Using this system the farmer can monitor the crops without the need of extra manpower, saving the time and cost required for the irrigation process
Summary
Agricultural lands are widely spread, mainly in the Jordan Valley (northern, central, and southern). The total agricultural area in Jordan in 2017 was amounted to 1894324 dunums (1 dunum=1000m2), whereas 864549.3 dunums are irrigated against 102,977,7.7 which depend on rainwater [2]. These lands contain field crops, while irrigated agriculture lands cover all the needs of productive trees, vegetables, and field crops . Irrigated agriculture relies on water sources (from dams, groundwater, etc.). The available quantities of water in Jordan are somewhat low [3], especially as agricultural land is scattered in places with higher temperatures, which increases the demand.
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