Abstract
This study aims to solve time-space uncertainties due to the narrow network channel bandwidth and long transmission delay of an underwater acoustic sensor network when a node is using a channel. This study proposes a MAC protocol (BSPMDP-MAC) for an underwater acoustic sensor network based on the belief state space. This protocol can averagely divide the time axis of a sensor’s receiving nodes into n slots. The action state information of a sensor’s transmission node was divided by the grades of link quality and the residual energy of each node. The receiving nodes would obtain the decision strategy sequence of the usage rights of the competitive channels of the sensor’s transmission nodes according to the joint probability distributions of historical observations and action information of channel occupancy. The transmission nodes will transmit data packets to the receiving nodes in turns in allocated slots, according to the decision strategy sequence, and the receiving nodes will predict the channel occupancy and perceive the belief states and access actions in the next cycle, according to the present belief states and actions. These experimental simulation results show that this protocol can reduce the collision rate of data packets, improve the network throughput and transmission success rate of data packets, and reduce the energy overhead of the network.
Highlights
The medium access control (MAC) protocol for underwater acoustic sensor network protocol is the bottom tier of the data link tier, which mainly allocates the underwater channel resources in a reasonable and effective manner for multiple underground nodes, and is the key protocol to ensure efficiency communication
The backoff algorithm is used for backoff or retransmission, in order to reduce the conflictions of data packets and improve the channel reuse rate
The partial observable Markov decision process (POMDP) [12] is the mathematic model to solve dynamic and uncertain problems, which has been applied in MAC protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks [13]
Summary
The medium access control (MAC) protocol for underwater acoustic sensor network protocol is the bottom tier of the data link tier, which mainly allocates the underwater channel resources in a reasonable and effective manner for multiple underground nodes, and is the key protocol to ensure efficiency communication. The representative MAC protocols for resource allocation include FDMA [2], TDMA [3], CDMA [4], and the corresponding improved protocols. The MAC protocols for the resource competition are mainly divided into handshake protocol, channel reservation protocol, and the corresponding improved protocols. The typical handshake MAC protocols include the MACA-MN [5], RIPT [6], and S-FAMA [7] protocol. These protocols can obtain channels via the control packet handshake negotiation, allowing it to effectively alleviate the hiding terminal problem and reduce waste time caused by transmission delay. Multiple handshakes of control packets of such protocol would lead to some overhead, which reduces
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