Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as the most prevalent internal modification on mRNA, has been implicated in many biological processes through regulating mRNA metabolism. Given that m6A modification is highly enriched in the mammalian brain, this dynamic modification provides a crucial new layer of epitranscriptomic regulation of the nervous system. Here, in this review, we summarize the recent progress on studies of m6A modification in the mammalian nervous system ranging from neuronal development to basic and advanced brain functions. We also highlight the detailed underlying mechanisms in each process mediated by m6A writers, erasers, and readers. Besides, the involvement of dysregulated m6A modification in neurological disorders and injuries is discussed as well.
Highlights
Messenger RNAs play crucial roles in biological processes, which serve as messengers that pass genetic information from DNA to protein and bear various post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms
The highly methylated Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are associated with processes such as synapse assembly and axon guidance, suggesting that m6A modification plays an essential role in neuronal development and brain functions (Chang et al, 2017)
Neurons are highly compartmentalized cells, and local translation plays a central role in rapidly changing subcellular proteomes in response to extrinsic cues and stimuli
Summary
Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) play crucial roles in biological processes, which serve as messengers that pass genetic information from DNA to protein and bear various post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms. The highly methylated mRNAs are associated with processes such as synapse assembly and axon guidance, suggesting that m6A modification plays an essential role in neuronal development and brain functions (Chang et al, 2017). Fat mass and obesity-associated was unexpectedly found expressed in the axons of mouse DRG neurons, which can dynamically regulate m6A modification on axonal mRNA (Yu et al, 2018).
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