Abstract
The use of biomolecules as templates for biomineralization is widely viewed as a favorable green synthesis route to produce particles of tailored properties. To synthesize TiO2 particles suitable for lithium ion battery (LIB) anodes, four different types of biotemplates (i.e., native and denatured lysozyme with or without phosphate) were used to direct TiO2 biomineralization. The different size, morphology, and rigidity of the deliberately designed biotemplates enabled the controlled mineralization of TiO2 particles of versatile morphology, particle/grain/pore size, crystallinity, surface area, and specific pore volume. This rendered differential electrochemical characteristics and potential of the biomineralized TiO2 as LIB anode. In particular, meso-macroporous hollow spherical TiO2 (biomineralized using denatured lysozyme in the presence of phosphate ions, followed by calcination at 500 °C) shows great potential to be used as an LIB anode for high-power application with its average specific capacity of...
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