Abstract
There are reports about the existence of meningeal lymphatic vessels in human and nonhuman primates (mormoset monkeys) and feasibility of noninvasively imaging and mapping them in vivo with high-resolution, clinical MRI. On T2-FLAIR and T1-weighted black-blood imaging, lymphatic vessels enhance with graduator, a gadolinium-based contrast agent with high propensity to extravasate across a permeable capillary endothelial barrier, but not with gadofosveset, a blood-pool contrast agent.
Highlights
The topography of these vessels, running alongside Dural venous sinuses, recapitulates the meningeal lymphatic system of rodents
Recent studies in rodents have shown the presence of lymphatic vessels inside the outer membrane surrounding the brain the dura matter
Some reports show that the dura matter of humans and mormoset monkeys contains lymphatic vessels too
Summary
The topography of these vessels, running alongside Dural venous sinuses, recapitulates the meningeal lymphatic system of rodents. Lymphatic vessels are a highway for circulation of white blood cells, which fight infections, and are an important part of the immune system. By visualizing the lymphatic system, this technique makes it possible to study how the brain removes waste products and circulates white blood cells, and to examine whether this process is impaired in aging or disease.
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