Abstract
This work assessed the effects of a 28-day treatment with lycopene-rich extract (LRE) from red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in an experimental model of dyslipidemia. Male hamsters (116.5 ± 2.16 g) were fed with the AIN 93G diet containing casein (20%), coconut fat (13.5%) and cholesterol (0.1%). The animals were divided into four groups: normolipidemic control (standard feed; NC, n = 7); hypercholesterolemic control (HC, n = 7); LRE 25 mg/kg/day (LRE-25, n = 7) and LRE 50 mg/kg/day (LRE-50, n = 9). After treatment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA-p) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD-e) and the atherogenic index, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA-h), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-h) levels were assessed. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were also determined. The LRE-25 group presented significantly lower TG levels and atherogenic index than did the HC group (p < 0.05). Both LRE-25 and LRE-50 groups presented lower levels of MDA-p and MPO than did the HC group (p < 0.05). LRE demonstrated a promising effect against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress.
Highlights
Dyslipidemia is a clinical condition characterized by increased plasma concentrations of triglycerides and/or total cholesterol or fractions relative to reference values considered normal.Such alterations include hypertriglyceridemia due to the increase in the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), reduction of the hydrolysis of triglycerides and/or hypercholesterolemia, resulting from the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL).The increase in the lipids inside the vessels produces endothelial lesion
6). aThese results indicate the MPO. These results indicate that the treatment with promoted a decrease dyslipidemia with hypercholesterolemic diet (HC)
The findings of this study suggest the protective effect several studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and of the lycopene-rich extract (LRE) on a dyslipidemia model evidenced by the decrease in plasma levels of triglyceride and progression of atherosclerotic disease [4,33]
Summary
Dyslipidemia is a clinical condition characterized by increased plasma concentrations of triglycerides and/or total cholesterol or fractions relative to reference values considered normal.Such alterations include hypertriglyceridemia due to the increase in the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), reduction of the hydrolysis of triglycerides and/or hypercholesterolemia, resulting from the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL).The increase in the lipids inside the vessels produces endothelial lesion. Dyslipidemia is a clinical condition characterized by increased plasma concentrations of triglycerides and/or total cholesterol or fractions relative to reference values considered normal. Such alterations include hypertriglyceridemia due to the increase in the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), reduction of the hydrolysis of triglycerides and/or hypercholesterolemia, resulting from the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Considered an important cardiovascular risk factor, atherosclerosis is responsible for complications such as acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular stroke; most of these complications result from the rupture or erosion of atherosclerotic plaque and platelet aggregation, leading to thrombus formation [1,2]. The World Health Organization [3] estimates that in 2012 approximately 17.5 million people died from cardiovascular disease, accounting for 31% of all deaths worldwide
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