Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)—an endocrine disruptor xenoestrogen—is widely spread in the environment. Lycopene (LYC) is an antioxidant phytochemical carotenoid. The hereby study was designed to verify the deleterious effect of BPA on cyclic female rats' hepatic tissue as well as evaluation of the effect of LYC toward BPA hepatic perturbation. Twenty-eight female Wistar rats were allocated equally into four groups: control group, LYC group (10 mg/kg B.wt), BPA group (10 mg/kg B.wt), and BPA + LYC group (the same doses as former groups). The treatments were given daily via gavage to the rats for 30 days. The rats in BPA displayed high activities of serum liver enzymes with low levels of total proteins (TP) and albumin. Moreover, BPA induced hepatic oxidative stress via depletion of antioxidant enzymes concomitant with augmentation of lipid peroxidation, increased comet tail DNA %, and overexpression of caspase-3. Meanwhile, LYC administration reduced the cytotoxic effects of BPA on hepatic tissue, through improving the liver function biomarkers and oxidant-antioxidant state as well as DNA damage around the control values. These findings were confirmed by hepatic histopathological examination. Finally, LYC credited to have a noticeable protective effect versus BPA provoked oxidative injury and apoptosis of the liver tissue.
Highlights
Liver is the major organ in the body responsible for detoxification and metabolism, resulting in the production of free radicals, which are very reactive and unstable [1]
It has been reported that Bisphenol A (BPA) can cause hepatic [8], renal [9], cerebral [10], and other organs damage by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) [11]
The decrease in body weight induced by BPA was slightly improved by LYC administration
Summary
Liver is the major organ in the body responsible for detoxification and metabolism, resulting in the production of free radicals, which are very reactive and unstable [1]. These products are eliminated by antioxidants that are naturally present in the tissue [2]. Bisphenol A (BPA)—an endocrine disruptor—is a monomer used in polycarbonate plastic industry and epoxy resins that lines cans of preserved food and beverages [4]. It can immigrate into food or water on heating [5]. BPA lead to lipid peroxidation of the hepatic tissue by diminishing the endogenous antioxidant defense mechanism in male rats [12]
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