Abstract
Abstract Rosa Luxemburg (1871–1919), a German of Polish descent, was a Marxist theorist, revolutionary socialist, and anti‐imperialist activist who cofounded the Communist Party of Germany. She was involved in the left wing of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and advocated for mass strikes as a revolutionary strategy opposed to participation in bourgeois elections. Foreseeing World War I, she energetically attacked German militarism and imperialism. When the SPD voted for war credits in 1914, she founded with Karl Liebknecht and Clara Zetkin (among others) the Die Internationale group that in 1916 became the Spartakusbund. Due to her political anti‐war and anti‐imperialist activities, she was imprisoned during most of the war. After her release from jail by the German Revolution in November 1918, she co‐founded the Communist Party of Germany (KPD), but she and Karl Liebknecht were assassinated by Freikorps (reactionary paramilitary group).
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