Luxation of permanent teeth due to trauma. A clinical and radiographic follow-up study of 189 injured teeth.

Abstract

Abstract— The present study is a clinical and radiographic follow‐up investigation of 108 patients with 189 luxated permanent teeth. The observation period ranged from 1 to 12 years with a mean of 3.4 years. A multivariate analysis was applied to examine the relationship between 17 clinical factors and the following four dependent variables: pulp necrosis, pulp obliteration, progressive root resorption, and loss of marginal bone support. Pulp necrosis was found in 98 teeth (52%), and this complication was significantly related to the type of luxation and stage of root development. Pulp obliteration was registered in 42 teeth (22%) and found significantly related to the variables stage of root development, type of luxation, and crown fracture. Progressive external root resorption occurred in 21 teeth (11 %). The type of luxation, reduction, and the time interval from injury to treatment was found significantly related to this complication. Loss of marginal bone support was found in 18 instances (10%), and this complication was significantly related to type of luxation, time interval from injury to treatment, fracture of supporting bone, and number of injured teeth.