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Abstract
The present work describes a facile and convenient procedure for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles using luteolin isolated from Eclipta alba plant (L-ZnONPs) at room temperature. The formation of as-grown L-ZnONPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The Wurtzite structure of ZnO was observed by its hexagonal phases in diffraction patterns. The SEM images revealed the different sizes and morphologies of L-ZnONPs, with diameters between 12 and 25 nm. The HR-TEM result showed that the inter-planar distance between two lattice fringes was 0.262 nm, which coincides with the d-spacing of (002) and (101) lattice planes of the as-obtained material. The anticancer activity of L-ZnONPs against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was greater as compared to that of luteolin or ZnO alone. The mechanistic evaluation of such an activity carried out using in silico methods suggested that the anti-breast cancer activity of L-ZnONPs was mediated by polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) proteins.
Highlights
Recent advances in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology, with a particular aptitude for the preparation of highly ordered nanoparticulates of all types of morphologies, have led to the development of novel materials at the nanoscale level
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns were recorded on a JEOL 2100F FEG apparatus operating at 200 kV after casting a drop of L-ZnONP for dispersion in ethanol over a Cu grid (Jeol, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan)
The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) pattern revealed the crystalline nature of as-obtained L-ZnONPs
Summary
Recent advances in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology, with a particular aptitude for the preparation of highly ordered nanoparticulates of all types of morphologies, have led to the development of novel materials at the nanoscale level. The large realm in the field of nanoscience lies in the fact that nanoparticles deliver desirable properties and have wide applications in highly functional and effective therapeutic, catalytic, sensing, and photoelectronic devices [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 385 due to its enormous range of applications in various areas such as the medical, optical, magnetic, and gas sensing fields. In addition to these properties, the ZnO nanostructure demonstrates high catalytic efficiency and strong adsorption ability, and is used routinely in the manufacture of sunscreens [7], in ceramics and rubber processing, in wastewater treatment, and as an antimicrobial agent [8,9]. There are many reports explaining the extraction and isolation of phytomolecules from Eclipta alba (E. alba) and their biological potencies [15,16,17,18], no work has been reported on the use of these phytomolecules in capping the metal nanoparticles
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