Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a scoring system of the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCG-R) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients. Nonconsecutive hysterectomy specimens containing EC collected from April 2013 to October 2015 were selected. Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections from each case were reviewed and representative sections from each tumor were selected. IHC staining was performed for the detection of LHCG-R. The percentage of stained cells and the staining intensity were assessed in order to develop an immunohistochemical score. Moreover, we examined the correlation of the score with grading and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between grading and IHC scoring (p = 0.01) and a statistically significant positive correlation between LVSI and IHC score (p < 0.01). In conclusion, we suggest that the immunohistochemical score presented here could be used as a marker of bad prognosis of EC patients. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in order to validate it. The study was registered in the Careggi Hospital public trials registry with the following number: 2013/0011391.
Highlights
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological tumor
In order to classify for improving the EC prognosis, in 1983, Bokhman described two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinomas characterized by different metabolic, morphological, and endocrine profiles: type 1 is more common (∼70–80%) and consists of endometrioid histology and is low grade, diploid, hormone-receptor positive and typical of obese women, and type 2 (20–30%) consists of nonendometrioid histology, is high-grade, aneuploid, poorly differentiated, hormone-receptor negative and typical of nonobese women, and is associated with higher risk of metastasis and poor prognosis. [3]
The histological classification was performed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification: grade 1 (G1) were endometrioid-type carcinomas composed of glands with 50%)
Summary
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological tumor. The incidence of endometrial cancer is going to increase in the upcoming years. Most patients are diagnosed at stage I and the 5-year overall survival ranges from 74% to 91% [1]. FIGO stage (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics), tumor histotype, depth of myometrial invasion, presence of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), and histological grading are used to tailor treatment and to predict prognosis [1]. This management may lead to undertreatment [4]
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