Abstract

The dominican friar Francisco de Vitoria's foundation of international law has often been perceived as a secularization of the supraterritorial power of the medieval church. But Vitoria's new definition of the ius inter gentes can be seen earlier in the works of at the secular lawyer Miguel de Ulzurrun, who is known as one of the founders of the Theory of Universal Monarchy. Starting from this insight, this essay interprets Vitoria's ius gentium within the context of several attempts of a translatio imperii tl the New World, including Ulzurrun, Las Casas and Cortes.

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