Abstract
For many years, the possibility of isolated lung transplantation for patients with end-stage pulmonary disease has been contemplated, and for the past 25 years, the procedure has been attempted clinically on a somewhat sporadic basis by skilled and dedicated investigators, without notable success.<sup>1</sup>Progress in this area has been limited principally by problems with healing of the bronchial anastomosis; by inadequacy of lung-graft preservation and the resultant "reimplantation" phenomenon; and, to a lesser extent, by the unavailability of optimal immunosuppressive agents. The remarkable success that has been achieved in heart transplantation resulted from a clinical amalgamation of technical expertise in cardiovascular surgery and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass; laboratory experience with hypothermic metabolic inhibition for graft preservation; experience with cytotoxic and immunosuppressive therapy in oncological and renal transplant work; and the establishment, through prospective clinical investigation, of valid criteria for the selection of recipients.<sup>2</sup>The establishment of combined
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