Lung cancer in Kazakhstan: age-gender features

Abstract

Relevance: Over the years, lung cancer (LC) remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in Kazakhstan. In 2018, LC was
 diagnosed in 3741 people in the RK, and 2377 dies from LC.
 The purpose of this study was to assess the age-gender characteristics of morbidity and mortality from LC in Kazakhstan
 based on statistical and literature data.
 Results: The conducted analysis by gender and age showed a consistent and significant increase in LC mortality in the RK,
 starting from the age of 40-44 years. The highest incidence and mortality were registered in the age groups of 65-69 years and
 70+ years. In general, in all age categories, the incidence and mortality in men exceeded the incidence and mortality in women by
 4.5–5.3 times. The highest mortality in men and women of all ages was registered in 2009 (34.3‰ and 6.9‰, respectively), the
 lowest – in 2019 (20.8‰ in men and 4.6‰ in women).
 Conclusions: The results of the assessment can be used to improve early diagnosis of LC and in the preparation of national
 screening programs and regional pilot projects for LC prevention and the identification of risk groups. The use of the results
 will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment, improving the five-year survival of patients, reducing the level of
 neglect and mortality from LC.