Abstract
In this paper, the (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation which can describe the propagation of gravity waves on the surface of water is investigated. Using the Bell polynomials, the bilinear form of the (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is obtained and the lump soliton solutions for the equation are derived by means of the quadratic function method. As an important integrable property, the Bäcklund transformation for the (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is constructed by the Bell polynomials considering the constraints on the derivatives with respect to spatial and temporal variables. Through the relationship between the Bell polynomials and the Hirota bilinear operators, the bilinear Bäcklund transformation for the (3+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation is given.
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