Abstract
Erbium oxalate and neodymium oxalate nanoparticles/titania/organically modified silane composite sol-gel thin films for photonic applications have been prepared by combining an inverse microemulsion technique and the sol-gel technique at low temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observation shows that the size of these oxalate nanoparticles is in the range from 10 to 40 nm. Up- conversion emission properties of these composite thin films on silicon substrates have been studied. A relatively strong room-temperature green up-conversion emission at 544 nm has been measured for the composite films dispersed with erbium oxalate nanoparticles upon excitation at 993 nm. An up- conversion emission in violet color from neodymium oxalate nanoparticles upon excitation with a yellow light emission, two UV emissions at 341 nm and 376 nm and a weak blue emission at 467 nm have been obtained. The mechanism of the up-conversion emission has been explained by means of an energy level diagram. The lifetimes of the violet emissions have been measured.
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