Abstract
Nerve injury occurred due to mechanical, thermal, chemical, or ischemic factors. Nerve regeneration is needed for recovery. Schwann cell proliferation and differentiation are important factors in the nerve regeneration process. Schwann cells release neurotrophins in the nerve regeneration process. In this study, Lumbricus rubellus protein fraction DLBS1033N was used as therapeutic protein candidate for nerve regeneration treatments. DLBS1033N treatments promoted the growth and survival of Schwann cell in free serum and free serum plus minimum O2 conditions. Real-time PCR and ELISA methods revealed that DLBS1033N induced NGF expressions. The growth and survival of Schwann cells were related to NGF expressions in a specific inhibitor TrkA study. Furthermore, in real-time PCR study, DLBS1033N was able to activate phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. This study showed that L. rubellus protein fraction DLS1033N can promote the growth and survival of Schwann cells by inducing NGF expressions. Cells growth and survival activities are likely achieved via PI3K pathway.
Highlights
Nervous system can be divided into central nervous and peripheral nervous system
This study showed that L. rubellus protein fraction DLS1033N can promote the growth and survival of Schwann cells by inducing Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) expressions
The cell was prepared in two conditions, which consisted of free serum media for up to 72 h, and free serum media and minimum O2 condition for 24 h
Summary
Nervous system can be divided into central nervous and peripheral nervous system Both systems have different anatomical structure and regeneration abilities. Nerve regeneration is more possible in the peripheral nervous system due to the anatomical structure and the necessary biochemical reaction (Chen et al, 2007). Schwann cells are a part of the peripheral nervous system involved in nerve regeneration process. When the peripheral nerve injury occurred, Schwann cells with macrophages were assisted in the removal of axonal and myelin debris (Bunge, 1994). Axon regeneration and remyelination are needed for nerve regeneration process. The Schwann cells will differentiate and proliferate in order to form Bungner bands that will allow axon regeneration and ensue remyelination after injury (Bunge, 1993; 1994; Ide, 1996)
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